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This review describes the state of health leadership and management capacity in Papua New Guinea. [from summary]

Recruiting, retaining and meeting increasing demand for experienced, qualified nurses is an issue of concern for all health care systems. This paper considers the factors that sustain or curtail workforce innovations through the case example of a cohort of nurse consultants established in one community health service in England.

This analysis seeks to quantify differences in the quality of family planning (FP) services at public and private providers in three representative sub-Saharan African countries (Tanzania, Kenya and Ghana), to assess how these quality differentials impact upon FP clients’ satisfaction, and to suggest how quality improvements can improve contraceptive continuation rates.

This report describes the development of a guideline and training program (PALM PLUS) designed to integrate HIV/AIDS care with other primary care in Malawi. [from abstract]

This study details the perceived benefits, problems, and risks of abuse of per diems and allowances in developing countries. Drawing on 41 interviews with government and nongovernmental officials in Malawi and Uganda the report highlights how practices to maximize per diems have become a defining characteristic of many public institutions and influence how employees carry out their work. As per diems have become de facto top ups of salaries, more fundamental reform of health worker incentives and payment is also needed. [from abstract]

The main purpose of this study was to discuss the nationality differences of foreign nurse aides and the effect of work stressors influencing work adjustment. [from abstract]

Many countries, including Vietnam, are debating the right mix of interventions to motivate doctors in particular to work in remote areas. The objective of this study was to understand the dynamics of the health labour market in Vietnam, and what might encourage doctors to accept posts and remain in-post in rural areas. [from abstract]

This article outlines the project to develop and evaluate a continuing medical education (CME) course aimed at improving healthcare provider knowledge about breast cancer health disparities and the importance of cross-cultural communication in provider-patient interactions about breast cancer screening. [from abstract]

This study looks at how violence affects the delivery of health care including attacks on patients, health-care workers and facilities, and on medical vehicles. It first looks at the general disruption to health care that occurs during conflict and civil strife, before looking more closely at specific types of violence. [adapted from author]

This document summarises findings of a global review whose aim was to identify patterns of success and impact, and outline likely trends in the nature and provision of distance learning for health in low and middle income countries, hence informing future policy, research and investment. [from introduction]

This document outlines the Ministry’s policies regarding the role NGOs play in national health policy and health services, outlines strengths and weaknesses of NGO programs and outlines government standards for integrating and evaluating NGO services. [adapted from author]

This article explores community health worker (CHW) programs and describes their potential use in low- and middle-income countries. It uses South Africa as an example of how CHWs could improve access to breast health care because of its middle-income status, existing cancer centers, and history of CHW programs. [adapated from abstract]

This report draws attention to the worldwide midwifery shortage, because midwives are vital for communities and families, and for improving a country’s health, particularly in areas with high maternal and child mortality. Midwives are the key to achieving Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5 on child and maternal mortality. [adapted from foreword]

This edition of CapacityPlus Voices highlights the value of free, open source health information applications such as human resources for health information system software. [adapted from author]

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect on perinatal mortality of training birth attendants in a rural area of the Democratic Republic of Congo using two established programs. [from abstract]

This article highlights some challenges from the recent experience with surgical team after the Haiti earthquake and proposes some ways forward to support an effective surgical humanitarian response to future major disasters. [adapted from author]

This study assessed whether text-message reminders sent to health workers’ mobile phones could improve and maintain their adherence to treatment guidelines for outpatient paediatric malaria in Kenya. [from summary]

This paper assesses the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on willingness to accept postings to deprived areas among medical students in Ghana. [from abstract]

This compendium provides a list of published indicators on human resources for health (HRH) organized according to the results framework of the CapacityPlus project. The objective of this compendium is to provide a tool for HRH systems strengthening practitioners interested in monitoring HRH projects and programs.

This profile summarises the available information on the cadres working at community level in the Solomon Islands: their diversity, distribution, supervisory structures, education and training, as well as the policy and regulations that govern their practice. [from summary]

This program guidance outlines key steps, identifies available resources and shares lessons learned to develop quality and relevant health worker pre-service education interventions. Although it focuses on health workers needed to deliver maternal and newborn health care, the process may be applied to any health pre-service program. The entire content of the toolkit is also available as a printable document, the Pre-Service Education Program Roadmap. [adapted from author]

This guide aims to assist policymakers, health workers, and civil society organizations understand health stigma and discrimination and identify the ways in which each can work to combat their expression. [from introduction]

This report reviews the type of HRH-related activities that are eligible for financing within GAVI, the Global Fund, and the World Bank; the HRH-related activities that each agency is actually financing; and the literature to understand the impact that each agency’s investments in HRH have had on HRH in developing countries. [adapted from abstract]

This paper illustrates the process, successes, ongoing challenges and current strategies Liberia has used to increase and improve HRH since the end of a 14-year cival war, particularly the nursing workforce. [adapted from abstract]

This brief outlines the role and capacity of midwives in making high-quality reproductive health care available to women. [adapted from author]

This article presents factors that influenced the implementation of a capacity building assistance program in the U.S. Affiliated Pacific Island jurisdictions that worked with health professionals to develop local organizational and clinical HIV capacity. It also evaluates the program to understand the contextual factors affecting the delivery of services. [adapted from introduction]

To improve clinician ability to recognize HIV and understand treatment, Hawai’s AIDS Education and Training Center developed innovative ways of training and building capacity. This is a report of the program and the experiences with these clinicians. [adapted from introduction]

The objectives of this code are to: establish and promote voluntary principles and practices for the ethical international recruitment of health personnel; serve as a reference in establishing or improving the legal and institutional framework; provide guidance in the formulation and implementation international legal instruments; and facilitate and promote international discussion and advance cooperation on matters related to the ethical international recruitment of health personnel. [adapted from author]

A recent online discussion aimed to share evidence and good practice examples of the impact of mid-level providers and offer policy-relevant reflections. This report has been developed based on statements provided by the expert advisers and contributions made by participants as part of the discussion, complemented by a selective literature review. [from foreword]

This review aimed to assess the effects of audit and feedback on the practice of healthcare professionals and patient outcomes. [from abstract]