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This report summarizes the best available evidence regarding the design and implementation of policies for extending the use of non-medically trained primary health care workers (task shifting) to deliver cost-effective maternal and child health interventions. [from preface]

This article describes a project that aimed to strengthen Ecuador’s capacity to promote healthier and safer hospitals by reducing occupational transmission of infectious diseases. [from author]

This study seeks to contribute to the government of Indonesia’s broader health system assessment by answering key health workforce questions. It examines changes in the supply and quality of health service providers and practitioners and links those changes with past and ongoing reforms. [from author]

This paper provides an overview of the Thai health workforce situation and challenges, policy initiatives and programs aimed at addressing health workforce challenges, and a discussion of future challenges and key information and evidence gaps. [adapted from preface]

The authors conducted a cluster randomized trial to assess the effect of community-based peer health workers on AIDS care of adults in Rakai, Uganda. [from abstract]

This paper examines the case of South Africa, where there has been rapid growth of a range of lay workers (home-based carers, lay counselor, DOT supporters etc.) principally in response to an expansion in budgets and programmes for HIV, most recently the rollout of antiretroviral therapy. [from author]

This report presents the findings and key messages of rapid situation analysis in Cote d’Ivoire of the human resources for health implications for scaling up to universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care, and support. [from summary]

This report presents the findings and key messages of rapid situation analysis in Ethiopia of the human resources for health implications for scaling up to universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care, and support. [from summary]

This report presents the findings and key messages of rapid situation analysis in Mozambique of the human resources for health implications for scaling up to universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care, and support. [from summary]

This article suggests a strategy for addressing the difficulty in training enough health workers involving creating satellite sites of colleges that offer health worker training at district hospitals or other health worksites. [adapted from author]

This research examines the factors that current health professionals from the U.S. Pacific Islands region describe as helping and hindering them in their pursuit of health careers, as well as the barriers seen by students, educators and health professionals. [from abstract]

The authors describe the development of a distance learning health education program for rural communities that developed a network of rural community learning centers to employ distance learning technologies for community-driven peer education in isolated areas of the Marshall Islands. [adapted from abstract]

The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of these adherence support workers in adherence counseling, treatment retention for people on antiretroviral therapy and addressing inadequate human resources at health facilities. [from abstract]

This study, conducted from August to September 2007, utilized a population-based survey to investigate stigmatizing attitudes and acts of discrimination against HIV/AIDS patients among doctors and nurses working in public hospitals in Belize. [from abstract]

This document discusses some of the strategies that have been successful in integrating African traditional medicine (TM) with biomedical medicine and points the way forward for establishing and expanding collaboration with African TM practitioners as part of a broader and more efficient approach to community-based HIV prevention and care. [from author]

The authors provide an overview of maternal health services in the context of the HIV pandemic and outline the role of health professionals in maternal health and HIV prevention, care, and treatment. Particular attention is paid to the potential role of traditional birth attendants in expanding access to quality care. [adapted from author]

The aim of this document is to set out the issues, challenges, and strategies for scaling up the contribution of nursing to tuberculosis (TB) prevention, detection, care, and treatment. It argues that scaling up nursing roles in TB prevention, detection, care, and treatment, as well as involvement in key policy and decision making, is the cornerstone of effective national TB programs. [from author]

This chapter describes Zimbabwe’s experiences in developing national prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in-service and preservice training materials for facility and community-based health workers. It also discusses the specific challenges associated with training materials development in the context of the Zimbabwean national health system. [from author]

The principles and practices outlined in this document are based on the author’s experience with creating a health worker clinical mentorship program for pediatric HIV care in Uganda as part of the continuum of education required to create competent health-care providers. [adapted from author]

This document discusses strategies and experiences in developing training materials and approaches for the implementation of health worker training programs for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) and pediatric HIV care.

The need to strengthen health-care worker capacity was identified by the Botswana Ministry of Health and confirmed by a training needs assessment conducted in 2001. In response, Botswana embarked on the first phase of a national antiretroviral training program, which this document outlines. [adapted from author]

Building capacity within the health systems of communities that face the task of scaling up HIV therapy in settings of high disease prevalence and/or limited resources is a tremendous challenge. This document will discuss the development of training programs for health-care personnel to meet this challenge. [from author]

This document reviews challenges and approaches to popular methodologies and applications of clinical HIV training in order to address the question of what is the optimal approach to training the health workforce for an expanding HIV-treatment program in a resource-limited setting. [adapted from author]

This article shares experiences and insights gained, primarily in Zambia but also in Malawi, from the implementation of the “Caring for Caregivers” projects in Zambia and Malawi. [from author]

This article presents information and approaches for estimating human resource needs and identifies approaches and innovations to take into consideration as antiretroviral programs are developed, implemented, and monitored. [from author]

This document outlines the primary causes of the human resources for health crisis and the need to address both institutional and individual factors to cope with these challenges. [adapted from author]

A birth attendant training program that has been shown in a multinational trial to reduce stillbirth and perinatal mortality rates among neonates weighing at least 1.5 kilograms - most of them born outside of hospitals, also reduced mortality among infants of all weights born in Zambian clinics. [from author]

This study examined whether a pictorial set of job aids could improve the quality of maternal and newborn care counseling by skilled providers and whether similar performance levels could be achieved by clinic-based lay providers as part of a task shifting initiative to expand their role. [from author]

As part of the collaborative to improve the efficiency of HIV service delivery, the authors conducted a baseline assessment of HIV/AIDS provider productivity, efficiency, and engagement in Uganda. [adapted from author]

This brief outlines a collaborative to improve health worker performance and improve the quality and efficiency of maternal care services by building the capacity of local management and health workers to implement sustainable improvements in maternal care provided in Tahoua. [adapted from author]