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This case study thus describes an example of a private sector pay for performance voucher program targeting reproductive health and offers lessons for countries that are considering implementing similar schemes. [from author]

This case study presents the initial results of the pay-for-performance (P4P) experience of UNIMED-Belo Horizonte, a private, nonprofit organization in Brazil and provides an example of private sector P4P to improve service quality and efficiency. [from author]

The LANE study aims to longitudinally examine a wide variety of individual and work-related variables related to psychological and physical health, as well as rates of employee and occupational turnover, and professional development among nursing students in the process of becoming registered nurses and entering working life. The aim of this paper is to present the LANE study, to estimate representativeness and analyse response rates over time, and also to describe common career pathways and life transitions during the first years of working life. [adapted from abstract]

The aim of this project was to identify if there is a link between what nursing students learn in simulated clinical laboratory sessions and what they experience during their clinical placements. [from abstract]

This article discusses the implications and issues concerning the implementation of nurse-initiated ART treatment - rather than the legal and regulatory frameworks governing nurse prescibing that dominate the current debate on these types of delivery programs. [adapted from author]

This study explored sector specific components that contribute to positive work environments and job satisfaction for nurses working outside of the acute care sector. Specifically, this study examined the recruitment and retention initiatives being implemented by nursing employers in the community, public health and long-term care sectors in various geographic areas of Ontario. [from summary]

Predictions on the growing shortage of the ageing Australian dental workfoce are based on the retirement trends of previous generations. This study attempts to determine the retirement intentions of today’s older dentists. [adapted from abstract]

The goal of this tool is to improve the quality of and access to primary health care services, by monitoring and measuring important performance indicators of the health system at district level. It provides an overview of the delivery of primary health care services in the public health sector across the provinces and districts in South Africa by means of an annual publication including data on nurse clinical workload and clinic supervision rate. [adapted from publisher]

This article discusses practices in community health, supported by life quality indicators of the Brazilian population, emphasizing nursing contributions toward social justice. It presents the current situation involving inequities in health in Brazil and Latin America with regard to the economic aspects, access to and distribution of health services, as well as the scenario of education of health professionals. [adapted from abstract]

This study uses Ireland as a case study to determine the future demand and supply of general practitioners and to assess the potential impact of several possible interventions to address future shortages. [from abstract]

Although the community health service system is now established in China, the utilisation of the community health service institutions is low due to the lack of a gate-keeping role of the primary health service providers and referrals among the three-tiered health service institutions. This study focuses on the question of how to increase the utilisation of Chinese community health centres. [from abstract]

This research brief outlines a study done Belize, Honduras and Guatemala on the current and potential future role of faith-based organizations in HIV prevention and care. [adapted from author]

This report summarizes the findings of an exploratory, qualitative study of FBO involvement in HIV/AIDS in three Central American countries hard hit by the HIV/AIDS epidemic: Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras. It provides an overview of the epidemics in each country studied and the range of HIV prevention and care activities conducted by FBOs. Further, it discusses the facilitators of these activities, as well as the challenges to FBO involvement in HIV prevention and care. [from preface]

This article investigated the reasons for the high rates of community health worker attrition in Bangladesh. [adapted from abstract]

The study proposes a measure of effective productivity among service workers and seeks a model of effective productivity among nurses in Botswana. Productivity among nurses is of special significance because of their critical role in the primary health care system. [adapted from abstract]

There is increasing interest in contracting with the private sector for the delivery of health primary health care services in developing countries. This paper describes the experience with contracting under two large projects in Bangladesh and explores some of the practical issues. [adapted from author]

The purpose of this study was to measure job satisfaction level of township health centers employees in poor rural China and to identify relevant features in order to provide policy advice on human resource development of health service institutions in poor regions.

The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of Oportunidades (Human Development Program)on skilled attendance at delivery in rural areas through the application of a variety of evaluation techniques, taking advantage of the experimental design implemented for the evaluation of this program in rural areas. [from introduction]

This article defines the effectiveness of network forms of organization for general practitioners in Italy.

This pilot study evaluates how an intervention to improve hypertension care for ethnic minority patients of African descent in the Netherlands affected the attitudes and perceived competence of hypertension care providers with regard to culturally appropriate care. [adapted from abstract]

There is not only a lack of human resources for health in Hungary, but significant inequalities are widespread, including in geographical distribution. This report, based on research carried out in 2008, deals with the willingness of young doctors to work outside Budapest. [adapted from abstract]

Retaining physicians in remote settings can be challenging owing to the heavy workload and harsh environmental conditions and to the lack of opportunities for professional development. This study evaluated corrective measure to address the dearth of physicians in the north of Norway. [adapted from abstract]

This article outlines the introduction of a special contracting system to recruit health workers to improve the posting, recruitment and retention of health workers in rural and remote areas. [adapted from abstract]

This paper explores a long-standing strategy to attract and retain doctors in rural areas in Chile: the Rural Practitioner Programme. The objectives of the study are to describe this programme for rural doctors (médicos generales de zona), to characterize its multidimensional set of incentives and to carry out a preliminary evaluation of programme outcomes. [from introduction]

This paper examines the extent to which health workers differ in their willingness to work in rural areas and the reasons for these differences, based on the data collected in Rwanda analysed individually and in combination with data from Ethiopia. [from introduction]

This paper examines the job attributes that influence the stated preferences of fourth year medical students in Ghana for rural deprived area postings. [adapted from author]

This article outlines the Latin American Medical School program model which trains young people from developing countries and sends them home as doctors with a pledge to practise in underserved areas. [adapted from author]

In Kenya, several medical and pharmacy schools have taken fresh approaches to improving clinical pharmacy. By collaborating and working with national and international partners, they are providing unique pharmacy services to thousands of patients. [adapted from author]

This article outlines a project that deployed short videos on mobile phones designed to motivate health workers and persuade pregnant village women to use health services. The project also asked health workers to record their own videos. The results show evidence that the creation and use of videos helped engage village women in dialogue, showed positive effects toward health worker motivation and learning, and motivated key community influencers to participate in promoting the health workers. [adapted from abstract]

Organizational factors are considered to be an important influence on health workers’ uptake of interventions that improve their practices. These are additionally influenced by factors operating at individual and broader health system levels. This article sought to explore contextual influences on worker motivation, a factor that may modify the effect of an intervention aimed at changing clinical practices in Kenyan hospitals. [from abstract]